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Page last modified 13:55, 16 Apr 2018 by alang
User:alang > IT 專案工作 > Oracle DBA 筆記 > RMAN - Backup/Recovery Tool > backup script
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backup script

    Automated Backup with RMAN

    Fully Backup

    手動：

    rman target / nocatalog

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/mnt/nfs_fs13/from_ora10g/win/db_full/%F';
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format = '/mnt/nfs_fs13/from_ora10g/win/db_full/%U';
RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;
RMAN> delete noprompt force expired archivelog all;
RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete input;
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup off;

    TIPs：

    - 備份檔如要切割成多個檔案，可以加上這參數
    configure maxsetsize to 30G;
    註：最小的 size 必須大於一個 datafile 的大小。

    - 清除設定參數的指令
    configure maxsetsize clear;

    Archive Log Backup

    run {
    crosscheck archivelog all;
    delete noprompt force expired archivelog all;
    backup archivelog all format '/path/to/backup/ora-sid/arc_%T_%s_%t_p%p'
    delete input;
}

     

    Control file Backup

    run {
    BACKUP AS COPY CURRENT CONTROLFILE FORMAT '/path/to/backup/ora-sid/control01.ctl';
}

    spfile Backup

    SQL> connect / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show parameters spfile;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.db_
                                                 1/dbs/spfiletopprod.ora

    cp /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.db_1/dbs/spfiletopprod.ora /mnt/tpeitpap01_nfs/from_tpemisep12/spfiletopprod.ora.`date +"%F"`

    Exclude the particular tablespace

    RMAN> configure exclude for tablespace 'TBS1';
RMAN> configure exclude for tablespace 'TBS2';

    其他參數

    To list the excludes tablespace
RMAN> show exclude;

You can override this exclusion feature by explicitly issuing keyword NOEXCLUDE in order to take whole database 
backup.
RMAN> backup database noexclude;

Clear the Excluded SAMTBS1 tablespace
RMAN> configure exclude for tablespace 'TBS1' clear;

    開啟多個 channels 備份

    在 RMAN scripts 內加上這幾行

    run {
allocate channel d1 type DISK;
allocate channel d2 type DISK;
backup as backupset archivelog all format .....
...
release channel d1;
release channel d2;
}

    Format Directives

    Format Description
    %a Current database activation id
    %A Zero-filled activation ID
    %c The copy number of the backup piece within a set of duplexed backup pieces.bMaximum value is 256
    %d Database name
    %D Current day of the month from the Gregorian calendar in format DD
    %e Archived log sequence number
    %f Absolute file number
    %F Combines the DBID, day, month, year, and sequence into a unique and repeatable generated name
    %h Archived redo log thread number
    %I DBID
    %M Month in the Gregorian calendar in the format MM
    %n Database name, padded on the right with x characters to a total length of eight characters
    %N Tablespace name. Only valid when backing up datafiles as image copies.
    %p Piece number within the backup set. This value starts at 1 for each backup set and is incremented by 1 for each backup piece created. If a PROXY is specified, the %p variable must be included in the FORMAT string either explicitly or implicitly within %U.
    %r Resetlogs ID
    %s Backup set number. This number is a counter in the control file that is incremented for each backup set. The counter value starts at 1 and is unique for the lifetime of the control file. If you restore a backup control file, then duplicate values can result. CREATE CONTROLFILE initializes the counter at 1.
    %S Zero-filled sequence number
    %t Backup set time stamp, a 4-byte value derived as the number of seconds elapsed since a fixed reference time. The combination of %s and %t can be used to form a unique name for the backup set.
    %T Year, month, and day in the Gregorian calendar in the format: YYYYMMDD
    %u An 8-character name constituted by compressed representations of the backup set or image copy number and the time the backup set or image copy was created
    %U A system-generated unique filename (default). %U is different for image copies and backup pieces. For a backup piece, %U is a shorthand for %u_%p_%c and guarantees uniqueness in generated backup filenames. For an image copy of a datafile, %U means the following:
    data-D-%d_id-%I_TS-%N_FNO-%f_%u
    For an image copy of an archived redo log, %U means the following:
    arch-D_%d-id-%I_S-%e_T-%h_A-%a_%u
    For an image copy of a control file, %U means the following:
    cf-D_%d-id-%I_%u
    %Y Year in this format: YYYY
    %% Percent (%) character. For example, %%Y translates to the string %Y

    更多範例

    範例一

    full backup

    • 啟用壓縮
    • 執行備份時可與 archive backup 同時進行
    configure retention policy to redundancy ${RMAN_KEEP};
run {
    backup as compressed backupset database format '${rman_dest}/%d_DB_%s_%T_%U.rman' filesperset 5;
    sql 'alter system archive log current';
    backup as backupset archivelog all format '${rman_dest}/%d_ARC_%s_%T_%U.rman' skip inaccessible filesperset 20 delete all input;
    backup current controlfile format '${rman_dest}/%d_CTL_%s_%T_%U.rman';
    backup spfile format '${rman_dest}/%d_SPFILE_%s_%T_%U.rman';
    crosscheck archivelog all;
    delete noprompt force expired archivelog all;
    delete force noprompt obsolete;
}

    archive backup

    • 執行備份時可與 full backup 同時進行
    run {
    crosscheck archivelog all;
    delete noprompt force expired archivelog all;
    backup as backupset archivelog all format '${rman_dest}/%d_ARC_%s_%T_%U.rman' skip inaccessible filesperset 20 delete all input;
    backup current controlfile format '${rman_dest}/%d_CTL_%s_%T_%U.rman';
}

     

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