Cloning an Oracle Home

說明

現有環境已經有一台作為 production 的 Oracle DB，且該 DB 已有最後的 Patchset，此篇教學應用為：

1. 利用這一台 DB，複製成另一個一模一樣的 DB 環境，有完全一樣的 Oracle 主程式版本，包含所有 patchset
2. 利用這一台 DB，對另一台尚未套用新 patchset 的 DB 作主程式更新

注意：

• 一個 Linux 系統可以有多個不同的 ORACLE_HOM，但 ORACLE_BASE 必須是同一個，因為 Central Inventory 只能有一個。預設路徑及設定檔為
  • /opt/oracle/oraInventory
  • /etc/oraInst.loc

複製 OracleHome

從一台已安裝有最新 patchset 且很穩定的 DB 裡，在不用停機狀態下，直接將 $ORACLE_HOME 目錄，以 tar 方式複製

echo $ORACLE_HOME
/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

cd /opt/oracle/product/
tar czf Oracle_Home_102054_Clone.tar 10.2.0/ 

應用一：安裝另一個全新的 Database

以下步驟要在另一部準備安裝 DB 的 Linux 機器上執行，並將 OracleHome 複製檔 Oracle_Home_102054_Clone.tar 上傳至機器上。

ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=win; export ORACLE_SID

mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1
chown -R oracle:dba /opt/oracle

su - oracle
cd /opt/oracle/product
mkdir clone_oracle/
cd clone_oracle/
tar xf /mnt/nas_na/alang/Oracle_Home_102054_Clone.tar 
mv 10.2.0/* ../10.2.0.5.4/db_1/

cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/
rm *.ora
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
rm -rf *

cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/
./runInstaller -silent -clone ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_HOME_NAME=ora_102054 

Setup in progress (Thursday, March 20, 2014 5:28:40 PM CST)
Setup successful

End of install phases.(Thursday, March 20, 2014 5:28:44 PM CST)
WARNING:
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root script to run
/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
    1. Open a terminal window
    2. Log in as "root"
    3. Run the scripts

The cloning of ora_102054 was successful.
Please check '/opt/oracle/oraInventory/logs/cloneActions2014-03-20_05-27-04PM.log' for more details.

su -
/opt/oracle2/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/root.sh 

應用二：對一個現有 DB 作 patch

原 DB 的環境變數

ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

用 oracle 執行

su - oracle
cd /opt/oracle/product
mkdir -p 10.2.0.5.4/db_1
mkdir clone_oracle/
cd clone_oracle/
tar xf /mnt/nas_na/alang/Oracle_Home_102054_Clone.tar 
mv 10.2.0/* ../10.2.0.5.4/db_1/

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1
cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/
rm *.ora
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
rm -rf *

cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/
./runInstaller -silent -clone ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_HOME_NAME=ora_102054

...

Setup in progress (Friday, March 21, 2014 9:22:17 AM CST)
Setup successful

End of install phases.(Friday, March 21, 2014 9:22:22 AM CST)
WARNING:
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root script to run
/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
    1. Open a terminal window
    2. Log in as "root"
    3. Run the scripts

The cloning of ora_102054 was successful.
Please check '/opt/oracle/oraInventory/logs/cloneActions2014-03-21_09-20-37AM.log' for more details.

以 root 執行

/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1/root.sh 

Running Oracle 10g root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n)
[n]: y
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n)
[n]: y
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n)
[n]: y
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

以 oracle 執行
停止原 DB 的 Listener

su - oracle
echo $ORACLE_HOME
/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

lsnrctl stop 
ps -ef | grep -i listener

開始對 DB 作升級

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.5.4/db_1
dbua