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Page last modified 13:38, 18 Mar 2017 by alang

Python

    版本為 20:27, 20 Nov 2024

    到這個版本。

    返回到 版本存檔.

    查閱目前版本

    Python Samples

    更多文章；

    基本語法

    reference to undefined name 'syntax' Exception of type 'MindTouch.Deki.Script.Runtime.DekiScriptUndefinedNameException' was thrown. (click for details)

    TIP:

    %.1f :小數點一位

    if 條件判斷

    if len(sys.argv) == 1:

if len(sys.argv) != 1: 
    dosomething()
else:
    doother()

if ....:
    ...
elif:
    ...
elif:
    ...
else:
    ...

    字串(String)與列表(List)處理

    #字串切割(Slice)
#從左邊索引時，字元編號從 0 開始
print s[i]    #取字串的第i個字元
print s[i:j]  #取字串的第i個開始到第j-1個字元
print s[-1]   #取字串的最後一個字元
print s[:j]   #取字串的第一個開始到第j-1個字元
print s[i:]   #取字串的第i個開始的所有字元
print s[::k]  #從整個字串裡，取出每隔k個的字串
#從右邊索引，字元編號從 1 開始
print s[-i]   #取字串的最後第i個字元

    去除字串裡的空白

    # 去除左、右兩邊的空白
    s     ="  \t a string example\t  " s = s.strip()

    #      去除左邊的空白
s = s.lstrip()

# 去除右邊的空白
s = s.rstrip()

# 去除所有的空白、換行、TAB
s = s.strip('\t\n\r')

    模組安裝

    setuptools 工具

    $ wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py //for python 2.6
$ wget https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/raw/bootstrap-py24/ez_setup.py // for python 2.4, 2.5
$ sudo python ez_setup.py

    TIPs：

    錯誤：subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['wget', 'https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-14.0.zip', '--quiet', '--output-document', '/root/worktmp/setuptools-14.0.zip']' returned non-zero exit status 1

    解決：編輯 ez_setup.py，搜尋 wget，找到這幾行並修改成

    def download_file_wget(url, target):
        cmd = ['wget', url, '--quiet', '--no-check-certificate', '--output-document', target]
        _clean_check(cmd, target)

    查詢模組的使用方法

    python

>>> import module-name
>>> help(module-name) 
>>> exit()

    異常處理方法(Exception)

    reference to undefined name 'syntax' Exception of type 'MindTouch.Deki.Script.Runtime.DekiScriptUndefinedNameException' was thrown. (click for details)

    轉換 json 格式使容易讀取

    python -m json.tool my.json

    取得 USB 隨身碟掛載路徑

    reference to undefined name 'syntax' Exception of type 'MindTouch.Deki.Script.Runtime.DekiScriptUndefinedNameException' was thrown. (click for details)

    取得檔案的建立時間

    reference to undefined name 'syntax' Exception of type 'MindTouch.Deki.Script.Runtime.DekiScriptUndefinedNameException' was thrown. (click for details)

    內建的 http server

    http://effbot.org/librarybook/simplehttpserver.htm

    # File: simplehttpserver-example-1.py

import SimpleHTTPServer
import SocketServer

# minimal web server.  serves files relative to the
# current directory.

PORT = 8000

Handler = SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler

httpd = SocketServer.TCPServer(("", PORT), Handler)

print "serving at port", PORT
httpd.serve_forever()

    建立一個檔案上傳的 Web-UI
    需要檔案: droppy.py
    假設要上傳檔案的儲存路徑為 ~/upload

    cd ~/upload
    python ~/bin/droopy.py -m "Hi, it's me Bob. You can send me a file."

    - h 可以顯示更多參數

    執行外部指令

    reference to undefined name 'syntax' Exception of type 'MindTouch.Deki.Script.Runtime.DekiScriptUndefinedNameException' was thrown. (click for details)

    取得 eth0 IP 位址

    reference to undefined name 'syntax' Exception of type 'MindTouch.Deki.Script.Runtime.DekiScriptUndefinedNameException' was thrown. (click for details)

    檢查 eth0 是否 Up

    import urllib2
import commands

def internet_on():
    try:
        response=urllib2.urlopen('http://www.google.com', timeout=1)
        return True
    except urllib2.URLError as err: pass
    return False

def eth_up(iface):
    state = commands.getoutput("cat /sys/class/net/%s/operstate" %iface)
    if state == "up":
        #print "Up."
        return True
    else:
        #print "Down."
        return False

while True:
    if eth_up("eth0"):
        print "Connected."
    else:
        print "Disconnected."

    播放 IP 位址的語音

    reference to undefined name 'syntax' Exception of type 'MindTouch.Deki.Script.Runtime.DekiScriptUndefinedNameException' was thrown. (click for details)

     

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