Install Asterisk 1.4/1.6/1.8 on Linux

安裝需要的相依套件

apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r`
apt-get install bison festival festival-dev libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libnewt-dev
apt-get install libvorbis-dev automake mysql-server mysql-client mysql-admin libmysqlclient15-dev
apt-get install php5 php5-cli php5-common php5-dev
apt-get install curl libgnutls26 libgnutls-dev libtiff4-dev libtiff-tools
apt-get install libasound2-dev portaudio19-dev libportaudio2 jackd
apt-get install unixodbc unixodbc-bin unixodbc-dev
apt-get install libbluetooth-dev libxml2-dev
apt-get install sox

NOTE:

安裝過程中會提示：需設定 MySQL 的 root 密碼。

安裝 Speex codec(optional)

cd /usr/src
wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/speex/speex-1.2rc1.tar.gz
tar xzf speex-1.2rc1.tar.gz
cd speex-1.2rc1
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
ldconfig -v 

安裝 SpanDSP module 用於傳真(optional)

cd /usr/src
wget http://www.soft-switch.org/downloads/spandsp/spandsp-0.0.6pre17.tgz
tar xzf spandsp-0.0.6pre17.tgz
cd spandsp-0.0.6
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
ldconfig -v

Tips:

若有用到 IAXmodem 時，這是必要的安裝。

安裝 googletalk module(optional)

cd /usr/src
wget http://iksemel.googlecode.com/files/iksemel-1.4.tar.gz
cd iksemel-1.4
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
ldconfig -v

安裝 dahdi 驅動程式(若需要 MeetMe 功能，這是必要的)

cd /usr/src
wget http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/dahdi-linux/dahdi-linux-current.tar.gz
tar xzf dahdi-linux-current.tar.gz
cd dahdi-linux-*
make
make install

cd /usr/src
wget http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/dahdi-tools/dahdi-tools-current.tar.gz
tar xzf dahdi-tools-current.tar.gz
cd dahdi-tools-*
./configure
make
make install
make config 

啟動 dahdi 服務試試

/etc/init.d/dahdi start
Loading DAHDI hardware modules:
   wct4xxp: done   wcte12xp: done   wct1xxp: done   wcte11xp: done   wctdm24xxp: done   wcfxo: done   wctdm: done   wcb4xxp: done   wctc4xxp: done   xpp_usb: done
No hardware timing source found in /proc/dahdi, loading dahdi_dummy
Running dahdi_cfg: done. 

若沒有出現任何錯誤訊息，表示安裝順利完成。

安裝 Asterisk 主程式

cd /usr/src
wget http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/asterisk/asterisk-1.6.2-current.tar.gz
tar xzf asterisk-1.6.2-current.tar.gz
cd asterisk-1.6.2*

若需要使用 iLBC codec 時，請執行以下的步驟，否則跳過此步驟

contrib/scripts/get_ilbc_source.sh
-> 按 Enter 繼續 (NOTE: 此 shell 必須在主程式根目錄下執行)
 
***
The iLBC source code download is complete.
***
-> 出現這表示完成
-> 請在 menuconfig 選擇 codec_ilbc

./configure
make menuselect 或 make menuconfig

Codec Translators -> codec_ilbc (optional)
Extras Sound Packages -> EXTRA-SOUNDS-EN-GSM (optional)
Save & Exit

繼續對 Asterisk 作編譯安裝

make
make install
make samples
make config 

安裝 asterisk-addons

cd /usr/src
wget http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/asterisk/asterisk-addons-1.6.2-current.tar.gz
tar xzf asterisk-addons-1.6.2-current.tar.gz
cd asterisk-1.6.2*
./configure
make menuselect

Applications

-> app_addon_sql_mysql ;連接 MySQL
-> app_saycountpl

Call Detail Recording

-> cdr_addon_mysql ;CDR 使用 MySQL

Channel Drivers

-> chan_mobile ;藍牙手機連接(optional)
-> chan_ooh323 ;H.323 protocol 支援(optional)

Format Interpreters

-> format_mp3 ;MP3 檔案格式支援(optional)

Resource Modules

-> res_config_mysql ; Asterisk Realtime Mode

Save & Exit

make
make install
make samples 

Asterisk 安裝完成。

設定 Asterisk 的權限

addgroup --system asterisk
adduser --system --ingroup asterisk --home /var/lib/asterisk --no-create-home asterisk

編輯 /etc/init.d/asterisk

# 刪除註解
AST_USER="asterisk"
AST_GROUP="asterisk"

設定相關目錄

chown -R asterisk:asterisk /var/run/asterisk
chown -R asterisk:asterisk /etc/asterisk
chown -R asterisk:asterisk /var/log/asterisk
chown -R asterisk:asterisk /var/spool/asterisk
chown -R asterisk:asterisk /var/lib/asterisk 
chown  -R asterisk:asterisk  /dev/dahdi
adduser asterisk audio (增加 asterisk 到 group audio)

啟動 Asterisk 服務試試

/etc/init.d/asterisk start

設定 CDR 資料庫

※ 若需要安裝 FreePBX 套件，請跳過此步驟。

mysqladmin -uroot -p create asteriskcdrdb
mysql -uroot -p asteriskcdrdb 

mysql> CREATE TABLE cdr (
    calldate datetime NOT NULL default '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
    clid varchar(80) NOT NULL default '',
    src varchar(80) NOT NULL default '',
    dst varchar(80) NOT NULL default '',
    dcontext varchar(80) NOT NULL default '',
    channel varchar(80) NOT NULL default '',
    dstchannel varchar(80) NOT NULL default '',
    lastapp varchar(80) NOT NULL default '',
    lastdata varchar(80) NOT NULL default '',
    duration int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
    billsec int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
    disposition varchar(45) NOT NULL default '',
    amaflags int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
    accountcode varchar(20) NOT NULL default '',
    uniqueid varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
    userfield varchar(255) NOT NULL default ''
    );

mysql> CREATE USER 'astuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypass';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON asteriskcdrdb.* TO 'astuser'@'localhost';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit

編輯 /etc/asterisk/cdr_mysql.conf

[global]
hostname=localhost
dbname=asteriskcdrdb
table=cdr
password=mypass
user=astuser
port=3306
sock=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

設定 Asterisk Manager

編輯 /etc/asterisk/manager.conf

; 將 no 改成 yes
[general]
enabled = yes

在最底下加上這幾行

[admin]
secret = amp123
deny=0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0
permit=127.0.0.1/255.255.255.0
read = system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user
write = system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user

安裝 LAMP 環境

apt-get install apache2 libapache2-mod-php5 mysql-common mysql-server-5.0 mysql-client-5.0 php5-mysql php-pear php-db php5-gd

設定 PHP

編輯 /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini

; 將 On 改成 Off
magic_quotes_gpc = Off

設定 Apache

編輯 /etc/apache2/envvars

export APACHE_RUN_USER=asterisk
export APACHE_RUN_GROUP=asterisk

重啟 apache 服務

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

下載/安裝 FreePBX

http://www.freepbx.org/download-freepbx

cd /usr/src
wget http://mirror.freepbx.org/freepbx-2.8.0.tar.gz
tar xzf freepbx-2.8.0.tar.gz 

建立資料庫 asterisk

mysqladmin -uroot -p create asterisk
mysqladmin -uroot -p create asteriskcdrdb
mysql -uroot -p

mysql> CREATE USER 'astuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypass';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON asterisk.* TO 'astuser'@'localhost';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON asteriskcdrdb.* TO 'astuser'@'localhost';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit

匯入資料庫

cd /usr/src/freepbx-2.8.0
mysql -uastuser -p asterisk < SQL/newinstall.sql
mysql -uastuser -p asteriskcdrdb < SQL/cdr_mysql_table.sql

再繼續下面的步驟前，先準備這些資訊：

• 資料庫 asterisk 的登入名稱 = astuser, 密碼=mypass
• 資料庫主機名稱=localhost
• Asterisk Manager Interface 登入名稱=admin, 密碼=amp123
• AMP web root 路徑=/var/www
• AMP IP address=內部 IP
• FOP 轉接電話密碼=1234
• 使用分機或裝置模式=extensions
• AMP 執行目錄=/var/lib/asterisk/bin
• Super-user 執行目錄=/usr/local/sbin

cd /usr/src/freepbx-2.8.0
./install_amp 

設定自動啟動

cd /usr/src
wget http://asteriskipcop.berlios.de/fpfa/amportal
chmod u+x amportal
mv amportal /etc/init.d
ln -s /etc/init.d/amportal /etc/rc2.d/S99amportal 

安裝完成

ERROR: codec_dahdi.c: Failed to open /dev/dahdi/transcode: Permission denied

Ans: chown -R asterisk:asterisk /dev/dahdi