IBM AIX

AIX，是IBM專有UNIX作業系統的商標名。名稱來自先進互動執行系統（英語：Advanced Interactive executive，縮寫為）。最初的名稱來自英語：Advanced IBM Unix，但或許這個名字沒有得到法律部門的允許，因此更改為"Advanced Interactive eXecutive"。

Migrate System Accounts to another Server
AIX 管理技巧
AIX VM with qemu
Learning
AIX VM with virt-manager

Migrate System Accounts to another Server

Cloning AIX users and groups between servers

# one-liner to generate the commands to clone groups
lsgroup -c -a id ALL | grep -v ^# | awk -F: '{print "mkgroup id=" $2, $1}'

# one-liner to generate the commnads to clone users
lsuser -c -a id pgrp groups home shell gecos ALL | grep -v ^# | awk -F: '{print "useradd -m -u", $2, "-g", $3, "-G", $4, "-c \"" $7 "\" -d ", $5, $1}'

Copying AIX password hashes between servers

# grep -p root /etc/security/passwd
root:
password = 2zfymAdUyNdA.
lastupdate = 1360555127

echo 'root:2zfymAdUyNdA.' | chpasswd -ec

gen_reset_password.sh:

#!/usr/bin/ksh

for user in `lsuser -a ALL`; do
        [ -n "$1" -a "$user" != "$1" ] && continue
        if grep -p ^${user}: /etc/security/passwd | grep -q "password = "; then
                hash=`grep -p ^${user}: /etc/security/passwd | grep "password = " | awk -F " = " '{print $2}'`
                echo "echo '${user}:${hash}' | chpasswd -ec"
        fi
done

# ./gen_reset_password.sh    
echo 'root:2zfymAdUyNdA.' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'daemon:*' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'bin:*' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'sys:*' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'adm:*' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'uucp:*' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'guest:*' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'nobody:*' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'lpd:*' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'testusr1:MRGY5M7l56OTA' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'testusr2:skG.DjnbSmVaA' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'testusr3:EdRZo9SPb1Jig' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'testusr4:hk3qpcroid1qg' | chpasswd -ec
echo 'testusr5:1XaeSLhwCv19s' | chpasswd -ec

AIX 管理技巧

Install package lsof

Where to download the lsof, bind, rsyslog, openssh, openssl, etc packages?

URL: https://www.ibm.com/resources/mrs/assets/packageList?source=aixbp&lang=en_US

lsof_4.892.tar

tar xf lsof_4.892.tar
cd lsof_4.892
installp -acgXYd . lsof.base lsof.license lsof.man.en_US
lsof -v

tar xf lsof_4.892.tar
cd lsof_4.892
smitty installp

# Install Software 
# INPUT device / directory for software   [.]  << Input a dot
# SOFTWARE to install                     [_all_latest] << Esc + 4, Esc + 7
# ACCEPT new license agreements?          yes

User & Group

# Create a new user
mkuser admin="false" pgrp="staff" gecos="Test User" test3
mkuser admin="false" pgrp="staff" groups="sshusers" gecos="Test User" test3

# Remove a user
rmuser -p <user-name>

Network

Check the interface

lsdev -Cc if
lsdev -Cc adapter
lscfg -vpl ent0
lsattr -El ent0
lsattr -El en0

Set the network

# Set the ip/netmask/gateway
/usr/sbin/mktcpip -h'aixvm' -a'192.168.99.100' -m'255.255.255.0' -i'en0' -g'192.168.99.1' -A'no' -t'N/A'

# Set the DNS server addr
echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" > /etc/resolv.conf

LVM

# Add a disk hdisk3 to a PV
## NOTE: 新 disk 要加入 PV 成功後，執行 lspv 才會有 pv-id
cfgmgr
chdev -l hdisk3 -a pv=yes
lspv

# Remove a PV from a disk hdisk3
## If done, the pv-id appears 'none' 
chdev -l hdisk3 -a pv=clear
lspv

# Create VG with 128M(PP size)
mkvg -y <vg-name> -s 128 hdisk1 hidisk2

# Add PVs hdisk3, hdisk4 to specific VG 
extendvg <vg-name> hdisk3 hdisk4

# Remove a VG with PVs hdisk3, hdisk4
reducevg <vg-name> hdisk3 hdisk4

# Create LV with 5G
## mklv -y <lv-name> -t jfs2 <vg-name> [LP-number|GB-size]
/usr/sbin/mklv -y'siview_lv' -tjfs2 smapvg 80
/usr/sbin/mklv -y'siview_lv' -tjfs2 smapvg 10G

# Remove a LV
rmlv <lv-name>

Filesystem

# Create a filesystem with /data
## -A: Whether the filesystem is mounted at each system restart.
## crfs -v jfs2 -A yes -d <lv-name> -m <mount-point> -a logname=INLINE
/usr/sbin/crfs -v 'jfs2' -A'yes' -d'siview_lv' -m'/home/siview' -a logname=INLINE
mount /home/siview

# Extend the size of 1024MB for specified filesystem
chfs -a size=+1024M /home
## Alternatively, resizing to specified number
chfs -a size=2048M /home

# Remove a filesystem
## Check if the mount-point has been closed/syncd
lslv -l <vg-name>
rmfs <mount-point>

資安相關指令

# Login Failed
who /etc/security/failedlogin | tail -50

# Check the number of previous unsucessful logins for the account to confirm it is blocked
lsuser -a account_locked unsuccessful_login_count {ALL|user_name}

# Reset unsucessful login counter
chsec -f /etc/security/lastlog -a unsuccessful_login_count=0 -s {user_name}

# Unlock the locked account
chuser account_locked=false {user_name}

# Lock account
chuser account_locked=true {user_name}

# List the locked accounts
lsuser ALL | sed -n '/account_locked=true/p' | sed '/sshd/d' | awk '{print $1}'

登入失敗後自動鎖定

可指定帳號或全域設定
注意：retry 的次數是累計制，登入成功一次，計數不會歸零
解鎖方式是歸零登入失敗的計數

chuser loginretries=5 <username>
lsuser -a loginretries <username>

監控 errpt

Sample #1

#!/usr/bin/env bash
#
# $0 = errptcheck_v3.sh
#
# Created: 05/16/2005 A-lang Hsu.
# Updated:
#    - v4, 11/19/2015 A-Lang
#    - v5, 11/17/2020 A-Lang
#
#
# This script will check the error log
# for new entries.  Upon finding them, it will send an email to
# administrators containing a message indicating the change
# in errlog status, as well as the offending lines.
#
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/es/sbin/cluster/utilities

tmpfile="errptcheck.$$"
trap "rm -f $tmpfile" EXIT

today="$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')"
nowtime="$(date +'%T')"

# Excluded identifier id
# 573790AA - The default log file has been changed.
# A3B02BE6 - sddsrv CAN'T WRITE ITS LOG FILE
#
#EXCLUDE_ID=" \
#573790AA \
#A3B02BE6 \
#"
EXCLUDE_ID=""

#
if $(which get_local_nodename >/dev/null 2>&1); then
    my_hostname=`hostname`#`get_local_nodename`
else
    my_hostname=`hostname`
fi

mail_subject="Warning:Hardware/Software error notification for host $my_hostname"
mail_to="alang@mycom.com"

#ec=`errpt -dH,S,U,O | grep -v "IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP" | wc -l`
ERRGREP=""
n=0
for i in $EXCLUDE_ID;do
    n=$(($n+1))
    if [ "$n" -eq 1 ];then
       ERRGREP="$i"
    else
       ERRGREP="$ERRGREP|$i"
    fi
done
if [ -z "$ERRGREP" ]; then
   ec=`errpt -dH,S,U,O | grep -v "IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP" | wc -l`
else
   ec=`errpt -dH,S,U,O | grep -v "IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP" | grep -vE "$ERRGREP" | wc -l`
fi

if [ "$ec" -ne "0" ] ; then
        ec=`echo $ec | bc`
        cat <<EOF > $tmpfile
##############################################################
  This message was generated automatically by host ${my_hostname}.
  Please don't reply to this message.
##############################################################

The checked time is ${today} ${nowtime}
${ec} new errors have been found on $my_hostname.
EOF

        errlogl=`errpt -dH,S,U,O -a`
        cat <<EOF >> $tmpfile
Errlog details below:
${errlogl}
EOF
        mail -s "$mail_subject"  "$mail_to" < $tmpfile;

        cat $tmpfile
fi

Sample #2

#! /bin/ksh
#
# $0 = errmon.sh
#
# Written 11/3/1998 Bill Verzal.
#
# This script will run every [interval] and check the error log
# for new entries.  Upon finding them, it will send an email to
# administrators containing a message indicating the change
# in errlog status, as well as the offending lines.
#
if [ "$1" = "-v" ] ; then
   set -x
fi
lc="NULL"
tc="$lc"
# lc="last count"
# tc="this count"
#interval=900
interval=300
# Divide interval by 60 to get number of minutes.
me="$0 - Hardware error monitoring"
myname=`hostname`
args="$*"
#mailto="root"
mailto="alert"
true=0
false=1
boj=`date`

echo "$me started.\nThis message goes to $mailto." | mail -s "Errlog monitoring for $myname" $mailto
logger "$0 started"

while [ "$true" != "$false" ] ; do
    tc=`errpt -dH,S,U,O | wc -l`
    if [ "$lc" = "NULL" ] ; then
        lc="$tc"
    fi
    if [ "$lc" -ne "$tc" ] ; then
        foo=`echo "$tc-$lc"|bc`
        msg="$foo new errors have been found on $myname"
        page_msg="$foo new errors have been found on $myname"
        errlogl=`errpt -dH,S,U,O -a`
        if [ "$tc" -eq "0" ] ; then
            msg="$msg\n Errlog was cleared"
        else
            logger $msg
            msg=" $msg \n Errlog details below:\n $errlogl \n"
            echo "$msg" | mail -s "Errlog status change on host $myname" $mailto
        fi
    fi
    lc="$tc"
    sleep $interval
done

解封 HMC root

解锁 HMC8 及 HMC9 的 root 用户

Restrictd users to switch to root

# Create a group sysadm
mkgroup sysadm

# Add the user1 that is allowed to su to root into the group sysadm
chgrpmem -m + user1 sysadm 
lsgroup sysadm

chsec -f /etc/security/user -s root -a sugroups=sysadm
# Reset to the default, sugroups=ALL
# Alternatively
smitty user
# Change / Show Characteristics of a User
# User Name                              [root]
# SU GROUPS                              [sysadm]

Restricted Shell

針對指定帳號限制登入後的預設 Shell 環境的執行權限

教學：

How to Use a Restricted Shell

Defaul Shell：

# Change the default shell for the user to the restricted shell such as rksh or Rsh.
chuser shell=/usr/bin/rksh <user-name>
# OR
chsh <user-name> /usr/bin/rksh

.profile：

# Add the commands that are allowd to run by the user into the directory.
mkdir /usr/bin/restricted
cd /usr/bin/restricted
ln -s /usr/bin/date date

# Create a .profile in the user's home directory and set the PATH environment variable to 
# a directory containing all of the commands you want the user to be able to run
export PATH=/usr/bin/restricted

Core dump

# 解析 core file
dbx -C ./core

(dbx) corefile

(dbx) dump

(dbx) quit

System dump

errpt:

67145A39 0413095315    U    S    SYSDUMP    SYSTEM DUMP

Copy the dump from the dump device to a file using the savecore command:

savecore  .

Yes, the period is necessary. It indicates you want the dump copied to your current directory

savecore will copy the dump to your current directory, and name it:

vmcore.0.BZ

Uncompress the dump using the dmpuncompress command:

dmpuncompress  vmcore.0.BZ

Lastly, format the dump:

/usr/lib/ras/dmprtns/dmpfmt  -c  vmcore.0

Reading a Dump

kdb  vmcore.0  vmunix.0

系統效能

Memory - svmon

# For a summary of the top 15 processes using memory on the system
svmon -Pt15 | perl -e 'while(<>){print if($.==2||$&&&!$s++);$.=0 if(/^-+$/)}'

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Pid Command          Inuse      Pin     Pgsp  Virtual 64-bit Mthrd  16MB
18547096 db2sysc        3956861    12944   282407  4007901      Y     Y     N
19333470 db2sysc         690873    12944    26772   688572      Y     Y     N
19726694 db2sysc         271696    12944     6198   287133      Y     Y     N
13500914 db2sysc         263458    12943    18957   285159      Y     Y     N
 1966448 shlap64         109377    12900     3432   122071      Y     N     N
13631924 db2vend         105589    12900      597   115784      Y     N     N
19005734 db2sysc         105082    12902      409   114965      Y     Y     N
20709798 db2sysc         105071    12900      409   114953      Y     N     N
20119938 db2sysc         105071    12900      409   114953      Y     N     N
20185458 db2sysc         105071    12900      408   114953      Y     N     N
15597848 db2vend         104222    12900     1771   115608      Y     N     N
21430722 db2sysc         103728    12900     1576   114777      Y     N     N
21037528 db2sysc         103724    12902     1576   114773      Y     Y     N
14025064 db2sysc         103696    12900     1608   114777      Y     N     N
18350424 db2sysc         103696    12900     1608   114777      Y     N     N

Sar

sar 指令 - IBM 說明文件

如果出現 sar: 0551-201 Cannot open /var/adm/sa/sa09，修復請執行 sar -o /var/adm/sa/sa09 10

# CPU
sar -u 2 10

# Mmeory
sar -r 2 10

# I/O
sar -b 2 10

iostat

iostat 2 10

Perl 應用

快速檢查特定模組安裝

perl -e "use LWP::UserAgent;"
perl -e "use DBI;"

HTTP GET request

use LWP::UserAgent;

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;

my $server_endpoint = "http://192.168.1.1:8000/service";

# set custom HTTP request header fields
my $req = HTTP::Request->new(GET => $server_endpoint);
$req->header('content-type' => 'application/json');
$req->header('x-auth-token' => 'kfksj48sdfj4jd9d');

my $resp = $ua->request($req);
if ($resp->is_success) {
    my $message = $resp->decoded_content;
    print "Received reply: $messagen";
}
else {
    print "HTTP GET error code: ", $resp->code, "n";
    print "HTTP GET error message: ", $resp->message, "n";
}

HTTP POST request

use LWP::UserAgent;

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;

my $server_endpoint = "http://192.168.1.1:8000/service";

# set custom HTTP request header fields
my $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => $server_endpoint);
$req->header('content-type' => 'application/json');
$req->header('x-auth-token' => 'kfksj48sdfj4jd9d');

# add POST data to HTTP request body
my $post_data = '{ "name": "Dan", "address": "NY" }';
$req->content($post_data);

my $resp = $ua->request($req);
if ($resp->is_success) {
    my $message = $resp->decoded_content;
    print "Received reply: $messagen";
}
else {
    print "HTTP POST error code: ", $resp->code, "n";
    print "HTTP POST error message: ", $resp->message, "n";
}

NFS

Can't mount remotely Linux host on AIX

Try to run the following commands on your AIX.

nfso -o nfs_use_reserved_ports=1
nfso -o portcheck=1

AIX Toolbox

AIX VM with qemu

Introduction

What can it be used for?

AIX Training and Practice
Testing/Developing Environment for AIX
Cybersecurity Lab for AIX
Running AIX on your laptop for whatever you want to accomplish

Prerequisities:

QEMU Install
aix_7200-04-00-1937_1of2_112019.iso
Fedora 40 Linux Install (Recommended)

QEMU commands

PowerPC System Board-specific

qemu-system-ppc64 --machine help

cobra@fedora-vm:~$ qemu-system-ppc64 --version

QEMU emulator version 8.2.6 (qemu-8.2.6-3.fc40)
Copyright (c) 2003-2023 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers

這版的 QEMU 已經修復了 ps, crontab, cron, java 指令問題。

Install AIX from CD-ROM

Create a VM disk

mkdir aix72VM
cd aix72VM
qemu-img create -f  qcow2  hdisk0.qcow2  20G

注意: AIX 版本必須 7200-03-00 以後版本才有支援。

aix_7200-04-00-1937_1of2_112019.iso

cd aix72VM
mv aix_7200-04-00-1937_1of2_112019.iso AIX72.iso

Boot from cd-rom

cd aix72VM

qemu-system-ppc64 -cpu POWER8 \
-machine pseries -m 4096 -serial stdio \
-drive file=hdisk0.qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0 \
-device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi \
-device scsi-hd,drive=drive-virtio-disk0 \
-cdrom $PWD/AIX72.iso \
-prom-env "boot-command=boot cdrom:" \
-prom-env "input-device=/vdevice/vty@71000000" \
-prom-env "output-device=/vdevice/vty@71000000"

Type 1 and press Enter

Press Enter

Type 2

Type 4

Type 5

Type 0

Press Enter to install AIX

看到這畫面時，表示 AIX 作業系統已經完成安裝。

輸入 Ctrl + C 離開

Fix boot issue

Boot from cd-rom

cd aix72VM

qemu-system-ppc64 -cpu POWER8 \
-machine pseries -m 4096 -serial stdio \
-drive file=hdisk0.qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0 \
-device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi \
-device scsi-hd,drive=drive-virtio-disk0 \
-cdrom $PWD/AIX72.iso \
-prom-env "boot-command=boot cdrom:" \
-prom-env "input-device=/vdevice/vty@71000000" \
-prom-env "output-device=/vdevice/vty@71000000"

Type 1 and press Enter

Press Enter

Type 3

Type 0

Type 1

輸入修復開機指令

Fix boot issue

cd /sbin/helpers/jfs2
mv fsck64 fsck64.old
ln -s fsck fsck64

mv logredo64 logredo64.old
ln -s logredo logredo64

sync;sync;
halt

First boot from hdisk

cd aix72VM

qemu-system-ppc64 -cpu POWER8 \
-machine pseries -m 4096 -serial stdio \
-drive file=hdisk0.qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0 \
-device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi \
-device scsi-hd,drive=drive-virtio-disk0 \
-cdrom $PWD/AIX72.iso \
-prom-env "boot-command=boot hdisk:" \
-prom-env "input-device=/vdevice/vty@71000000" \
-prom-env "output-device=/vdevice/vty@71000000"

Type vt100

Select: Accept License Agreements

Tips: 如果這裡的畫面出現沒有對齊的情況，且影響到後續的操作。按下 Ctrl + C 先中斷離開，將終端機的字形調更小，然後再重新執行步驟。

Select: Accept Software Maintenance Terms and Conditions

Select: Set root Password

Tip: 設定完密碼後，最後要選擇 Task Completed - Exit to Login。如果略過這，下次在開啟系統時，初始化的步驟仍會再出現。

用剛剛設定的 root 帳密登入

Post-tasks

- Disable some problematic services

rmitab diagd
rmitab rcnfs
rmitab aso
rmitab clcomd
rmitab pfcdaemon
stopsrc -s clcomd
stopsrc -s pfcdaemon

- Network setup

On Linux)

net_tap.sh:

BRIDGE=virbr0
NETWORK=192.168.99.0
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.99.1
DHCPRANGE=192.168.99.2,192.168.99.50
TAP=tap0

sudo ip link add $BRIDGE type bridge
sudo ip link set dev $BRIDGE up
sudo ip addr add dev $BRIDGE $GATEWAY/$NETMASK

sudo ip tuntap add $TAP mode tap
sudo ip link set $TAP master $BRIDGE
sudo ip link set up dev $TAP

# Uncomment the following lines to enable the DHCP server
#dns_cmd=(
#    dnsmasq
#    --strict-order
#    --except-interface=lo
#    --interface=$BRIDGE
#    --listen-address=$GATEWAY
#    --bind-interfaces
#    --dhcp-range=$DHCPRANGE
#    --conf-file=""
#    --pid-file=/var/run/qemu-dnsmasq-$BRIDGE.pid
#    --dhcp-leasefile=/var/run/qemu-dnsmasq-$BRIDGE.leases
#    --dhcp-no-override
#)
#echo ${dns_cmd[@]} | sudo bash

Run net_tap.sh

bash net_tap.sh

Allow access to internet

sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-interface=tap0
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-masquerade
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Boot with network interface tap0

qemu-system-ppc64 -cpu POWER8 \
  -machine pseries -m 4096 -serial mon:stdio \
  -drive file=hdisk0.qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0 \
  -device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi \
  -device scsi-hd,drive=drive-virtio-disk0 \
  -cdrom $PWD/AIX72.iso \
  -net nic -net tap,script=no,ifname=tap0 \
  -prom-env "boot-command=boot disk:" \
  -nographic

On AIX)

# Check the network interface
lsdev -Cc if
lsdev -Cc adapter

# Set the ip
chdev -l en0 -a netaddr=192.168.99.100 -a netmask=255.255.255.0 -a state=up
route add 0 192.168.99.1
# Alternatively, using the following command instead 
/usr/sbin/mktcpip -h'aixvm' -a'192.168.99.100' -m'255.255.255.0' -i'en0' -g'192.168.99.1' -A'no' -t'N/A'

echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" > /etc/resolv.conf

- Increase the filesystem size

lsdev -Cc disk
lscfg -vl hdisk0
chfs -a size=+1024M /home
chfs -a size=+2048M /opt
chfs -a size=+512M /tmp
chfs -a size=+2048M /usr
chfs -a size=+1024M /var

- Install OpenSSH

mount  -v  cdrfs  -o  ro  /dev/cd0  /mnt
mkdir   /tmp/ssh_install
cd  /mnt/installp/ppc
cp  openssh*  /tmp/ssh_install
cd  /tmp/ssh_install
installp -acgXYd . openssh.base openssh.license openssh.man.en_US openssh.msg.en_US
lssrc  -s  sshd

- Fix the RPM issue

error: cannot open Packages index using db4 - Invalid argument (22)
error: cannot open Packages database in /opt/freeware/packages
error: db4 error(22) from dbenv->open: Invalid argument

Solution: fixrpm.sh

#!/usr/bin/ksh

cd /opt/freeware
rm -f *.rpm.packages.tar
tar -chvf `date +"%d%m%Y"`.rpm.packages.tar packages
rm -f /opt/freeware/packages/__*
/usr/bin/rpm --rebuilddb

exit 0

Edit /etc/initab, insert the line after the rctcpip

rctcpip:23456789:wait:/etc/rc.tcpip > /dev/console 2>&1 # Start TCP/IP daemons
fixrpm:23456789:once:/fixrpm.sh > /dev/null 2>&1 # Added by Alang

- Install AIX Toolbox

Download the files

dnf_aixtoolbox.sh : https://public.dhe.ibm.com/aix/freeSoftware/aixtoolbox/ezinstall/ppc/dnf_aixtoolbox.sh
openssl-1.1.2.2000.tar.Z : https://www.ibm.com/resources/mrs/assets?source=aixbp&S_PKG=openssl

cd /home/worktmp
uncompress openssl-1.1.2.2000.tar.Z
tar -xvf openssl-1.1.2.2000.tar
cd openssl-1.1.2.2000
installp -qaXFY -d . openssl.base openssl.license openssl.man.en_US
openssl version

cd /home/worktmp
rpm --rebuilddb
ksh dnf_aixtoolbox.sh -y
/opt/freeware/bin/dnf update
/opt/freeware/bin/dnf install bash

- Optional tasks

> Custom the prompt, create the profile /.profile

PS1="`whoami`@`hostname -s`:"'${PWD##*/}> '

> Timezone

smitty > System Environments > Change/Show Date and Time > Change Time Zone Using System

echo $TZ

> The ordering of certain name resolution services

修復 ping 本地主機名時會回應遲鈍問題。

Edit: /etc/netsvc.conf

hosts = local, bind4

> Set the environment variables

Edit: /etc/environment

# Fix for not properly displaying with smitty on the tmux 
TERM=xterm

其他管理工作

- 掛載 CD ISO 檔

修改qemu 啟動參數 -cdrom /path/to/your-cd.iso

qemu-system-ppc64 -cpu POWER8 \
  -machine pseries -m 4096 -serial mon:stdio \
  -drive file=hdisk0.qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0 \
  -device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi \
  -device scsi-hd,drive=drive-virtio-disk0 \
  -cdrom $PWD/AIX72.iso \
  -net nic -net tap,script=no,ifname=tap0 \
  -prom-env "boot-command=boot disk:" \
  -nographic

AIX 掛載指令

mount  -v  cdrfs  -o  ro  /dev/cd0  /mnt

- 增加第2顆虛擬硬碟

在 Linux 主機：新增 5G 虛擬磁碟 hdisk1.qcow2

cd aix72VM
qemu-img create -f qcow2 hdisk1.qcow2 5G

修改啟動指令，新增兩行參數

-drive file=hdisk1.qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk1 \
-device scsi-hd,drive=drive-virtio-disk1 \

完整啟動參數

qemu-system-ppc64 -cpu POWER8 \
  -machine pseries -m 4096 -serial mon:stdio \
  -cdrom $PWD/AIX72.iso \
  -device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi \
  -drive file=hdisk0.qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0 \
  -device scsi-hd,drive=drive-virtio-disk0 \
  -drive file=hdisk1.qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk1 \
  -device scsi-hd,drive=drive-virtio-disk1 \
  -net nic -net tap,script=no,ifname=tap0 \
  -prom-env "boot-command=boot disk:" \
  -nographic -smp 2

在 AIX 主機：檢視硬碟 hdisk1

root@aixvm:> lspv
hdisk0          00000000375ffb46                    rootvg          active
hdisk1          none                                None

root@aixvm:> lsdev -Cc disk
hdisk0 Available 00-10 MPIO Other Virtio SCSI Disk Drive
hdisk1 Available 00-10 MPIO Other Virtio SCSI Disk Drive

root@aixvm:> lscfg -vpl hdisk1
  hdisk1           qemu_virtio-scsi-pci:0000:00:02.0-LW_0  MPIO Other Virtio SCSI Disk Drive

        Manufacturer................QEMU
        Machine Type and Model......QEMU HARDDISK
        Part Number.................
        ROS Level and ID............322E352B
        Serial Number...............
        EC Level....................
        FRU Number..................
        Device Specific.(Z0)........00000512FA000012
        Device Specific.(Z1)........
        Device Specific.(Z2)........
        Device Specific.(Z3)........
        Device Specific.(Z4)........
        Device Specific.(Z5)........
        Device Specific.(Z6)........


  PLATFORM SPECIFIC

  Name:  disk
    Node:  disk
    Device Type:  block

- 增加 vCPU

預設 QEMU 只有 1 vCPU，要改善 AIX 的效能，可以視硬體等級增加更多 vCPU。

qemu-system-ppc64 啟動參數加上

-nographic -smp 2,sockets=2,cores=1,threads=1

- 增加虛擬網卡裝置

qemu-system-ppc64 啟動參數設置兩個虛擬網卡

-net nic \
-net nic \
-net tap,script=no,ifname=tap0 \

如果要榜定 mac addr.

-net nic,macaddr=56:44:45:30:31:31 \
-net nic,macaddr=56:44:45:30:31:32 \
-net tap,script=no,ifname=tap0 \

References

Learning

Tutorials

YT: Aix administration - YouTube
YT: online AIX training for beginners - YouTube
YT: AIX in Focus - YouTube
YT: IBM AIX - YouTube

AIX VM with virt-manager

技巧

AIX系統的虛擬磁碟 hdisk0 ，裝置類型必須是 SCSI 磁碟，並且使用指令先建立 qemu-img create -f qcow2 hdisk0.qcow2 20G，磁碟大小可自行調整。
修改 xml 檔時，可以在 virt-manager 介面上操作，或者以指令模式替代。指令是 virsh edit <vm-name>。

XML

修改 iso 檔路徑
XML 檔增加第一行 <domain type=....> 與 <qemu:comandline> .... </qemu:commandline>

<domain type='qemu' xmlns:qemu='http://libvirt.org/schemas/domain/qemu/1.0'>
...
  <devices>
  ...
  </devices>
  <qemu:commandline>
    <qemu:arg value='-prom-env'/>
    <qemu:arg value='boot-command=boot cdrom:'/>
    <qemu:arg value='-cdrom'/>
    <qemu:arg value='/home/cobra/aix72VM2/AIX72.iso'/>
  </qemu:commandline>
</domain>

IBM AIX

Migrate System Accounts to another Server

Cloning AIX users and groups between servers

Copying AIX password hashes between servers

AIX 管理技巧

Install package lsof

User & Group

Network

LVM

資安相關指令

監控 errpt

解封 HMC root

Restrictd users to switch to root

Restricted Shell

Core dump

System dump

系統效能

Perl 應用

NFS

AIX Toolbox

AIX VM with qemu

Introduction

QEMU commands

Install AIX from CD-ROM

Fix boot issue

First boot from hdisk

Post-tasks

- Disable some problematic services

- Network setup

- Increase the filesystem size

- Install OpenSSH

- Fix the RPM issue

- Install AIX Toolbox

- Optional tasks

其他管理工作

- 掛載 CD ISO 檔

- 增加第2顆虛擬硬碟

- 增加 vCPU

- 增加虛擬網卡裝置

References

Learning

Tutorials

AIX VM with virt-manager

技巧

XML

VM Configuration