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Gitlab Server

Installation

With Docker
mkdir /mygitlab

docker run --detach \
  --hostname  mygit.example.com\
  --publish 80:80 \
  --name gitlab \
  --volume /mygitlab/config:/etc/gitlab \
  --volume /mygitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab \
  --volume /mygitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab \
  --rm \
  gitlab/gitlab-ce:17.11.7-ce.0

Config

重要檔案與目錄路徑:

  • 主設定檔:/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb 
  • 所有子服務日誌檔:/var/log/gitlab/* 
  • 系統密鑰檔:/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json 
Custom port

1- docker command

  • 使用非標準埠時,host 與 container 必須使用相同埠號。
  • 如果只修改 docker 啟動參數的外部 port,而不修改 gitlab.rb,服務可以正常啟動,首頁與帳號登入也正常,不過網頁上的專案 URL 位址會不正確。 
docker run --detach \
  --hostname 10.4.1.76 \
  --publish 6080:6080 \
  --name gitlab \
  --volume /myapp/gitlab/config:/etc/gitlab \
  --volume /myapp/gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab \
  --volume /myapp/gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab \
...

2- Edit gitlab.rb 

  • 變更 port 會影響 container 的通訊埠,且必須與 docker 啟動參數 --publish 的內部 port 相同。
nginx['listen_port'] = 6080
external_url 'http://10.4.1.76:6080'
LDAP (Windows AD)

gitlab.rb :

gitlab_rails['ldap_enabled'] = true
gitlab_rails['ldap_servers'] = YAML.load <<-'EOS'
  main: # 'main' is the GitLab 'provider ID' of this LDAP server
    label: 'LDAP'
    host: 'ad03.example.com'
    port: 389           # LDAP服务端口389,如果LDAP基于SSL在端口通常为636
    uid: 'sAMAccountName'   # LDAP中用戶名的對應屬性,通常為'sAMAccountName'
    bind_dn: 'yourdomain\your-ad-user' # 同步用户帳戶, 格式為 'domain\username'
    password: 'ThisIsPassword'     # 同步用户帳戶密碼
    encryption: 'plain'     # 'start_tls' or 'simple_tls' or 'plain'
    verify_certificates: false  # 如果使用SSL,則設定true
    active_directory: true    # 如果是 使用 Windows Active Directory LDAP server 設定為 true
    allow_username_or_email_login: false  # 是否允許Email登入
    lowercase_usernames: false            # 是否將用戶轉成小寫
    block_auto_created_users: True       # 是否自動建立帳號
    base: 'OU=YOURDOMAIN,DC=example,DC=com' # 搜索LDAP用户是的BaseDN
    user_filter: ''
EOS
SMTP
    https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/smtp/ 

     

    gitlab-ctl commands

    # Check the services
    > gitlab-ctl status
    
    run: alertmanager: (pid 820) 3073s; run: log: (pid 619) 3108s
    run: gitaly: (pid 291) 3170s; run: log: (pid 309) 3169s
    run: gitlab-exporter: (pid 799) 3075s; run: log: (pid 567) 3126s
    run: gitlab-kas: (pid 452) 3158s; run: log: (pid 464) 3155s
    run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 791) 3075s; run: log: (pid 513) 3138s
    run: logrotate: (pid 260) 3182s; run: log: (pid 268) 3181s
    run: nginx: (pid 540) 3133s; run: log: (pid 550) 3132s
    run: postgres-exporter: (pid 828) 3073s; run: log: (pid 738) 3100s
    run: postgresql: (pid 316) 3164s; run: log: (pid 449) 3161s
    run: prometheus: (pid 809) 3074s; run: log: (pid 606) 3112s
    run: puma: (pid 467) 3152s; run: log: (pid 475) 3148s
    run: redis: (pid 272) 3176s; run: log: (pid 288) 3173s
    run: redis-exporter: (pid 801) 3074s; run: log: (pid 588) 3120s
    run: sidekiq: (pid 479) 3145s; run: log: (pid 488) 3144s
    run: sshd: (pid 36) 3192s; run: log: (pid 35) 3192s
    
    
    > gitlab-ctl status postgresql
    run: postgresql: (pid 316) 3748s; run: log: (pid 449) 3745s
    # Reload the configuration
    > gitlab-ctl reconfigure
    # Restart the service puma
    > gitlab-ctl restart puma
    
    # Restart all services
    > gitlab-ctl restart

    Backup & Restore

    注意:除了使用指令 gitlab-backup 以外,還需要另外備份系統目錄裡 /etc/gitlab 的兩個檔案
    1. gitlab.rb (主要設定檔)
    2. gitlab-secrets.json (系統密鑰檔) : 用來解密資料庫的資料

    With Docker

    • 備份檔 (編號_日期_版本_gitlab_backup.tar) 要先複製到 container 的目錄 /var/opt/gitlab/backups (預設)
    # Backup
    docker exec -it <container-name> gitlab-backup create
    # Backup DB only
    docker exec -it <container-name> gitlab-backup create SKIP=artifacts,repositories,registry,uploads,builds,pages,lfs,packages,terraform_state
    
    # Verify the backup file
    docker exec -it <container-name> ls  /var/opt/gitlab/backups
    
    # Restore
    docker exec -it <container-name> bash
    > gitlab-ctl stop puma
    > gitlab-ctl stop sidekiq
    > gitlab-ctl status
    
    > gitlab-backup restore BACKUP=1704810663_2024_01_09_17.11.1
    # Restore DB only
    > gitlab-backup restore BACKUP=1704810663_2024_01_09_17.11.1 SKIP=artifacts,repositories,registry,uploads,builds,pages,lfs,packages,terraform_state
    
    > gitlab-ctl restart
    > gitlab-rake gitlab:check SANITIZE=true
    > gitlab-rake gitlab:artifacts:check
    > gitlab-rake gitlab:lfs:check
    > gitlab-rake gitlab:uploads:check
    
    # Restart the container
    docker restart <container-name>

    Upgrade & Patch

    Pre-checks

    1- Check the general configuration:

    # With Docker
    docker exec -it <container-name> gitlab-rake gitlab:check | tee mylogs/check.250916.out

    2- Confirm that encrypted database values can be decrypted:

    如果出現任何 failures 將會影響 Gitlab 的管理功能,請確定檔案 gitlab-secrets.json 是原始的版本,檔案內含有相關的密鑰,如果遺失,雖然系統仍可以透過備份檔回復,一般用戶也可以正常 pull/push 專案,但管理員將沒有權限操作大部分的網站管理功能。參閱詳細資訊

    # With Docker
    docker exec -it <container-name> gitlab-rake gitlab:doctor:secrets | tee mylogs/doctor_secrets.250916.out

    3- Check the status of all background database migrations.

    gitlab-psql -c "SELECT job_class_name, table_name, column_name, job_arguments FROM batched_background_migrations WHERE status NOT IN(3, 6);"
    
    # With Docker
    docker exec -it <container-name> gitlab-psql -c "SELECT job_class_name, table_name, column_name, job_arguments FROM batched_background_migrations WHERE status NOT IN(3, 6);"

    4- In GitLab UI, check that:

    • Users can sign in.
    • The project list is visible.
    • Project issues and merge requests are accessible.
    • Users can clone repositories from GitLab.
    • Users can push commits to GitLab.

    Post-installation

    Disable Gravatar Service (optional)

    Enter Admin Mode > Settings > General > Account and limit

    • Gravatar enabled: 不勾選
    Container Log Rotation

    如果使用 Docker 環境建置系統,在服務啟用後,container 的 log 檔在一段時間後可能會耗盡系統可用空間。要設定 container log 自動循環,啟動時需要增加幾個參數。

    docker run --detach \
    ...
      --log-driver json-file \
      --log-opt max-size=10m \
      --log-opt max-file=3 \
    ...
    

    Troubleshooting

    Troubleshoot Tips
    1. Check the container log: docker logs -f <container-name> ,檢視服務在啟動後的整個程序執行狀況。
    2. Check the status of the services : gitlab-ctl status ,注意每個服務的運行時間秒數,如果特定服務顯示特別短秒數,表示該服務異常且一直再重啟。
    3. Check the nginx's log : /var/log/nginx/error.log ,這裡可以查出是否有通訊埠衝突異常。 
    HTTP 502
    1. 記憶體至少需要 4GB,如果不足可能無法初始化所有服務。
    2. 通訊埠衝突,檢查 host 與 container 是否有相同 port 衝突。Gitlab 內建多個服務,啟動會開啟相應的 port,例如 puma 預設使用 8080。要檢查不同內建服務的預設 port 號,可以檢視 gitlab.rb
    HTTP 500
    • 變更 Admin 的參數設定時發生
    • 檢查 gitlab-secrets.json (系統密鑰檔)是否與系統初始化時相同。