AIX 管理技巧
LVM
PV
# Add a disk hdisk3 to a PV
## NOTE: 新 disk 要加入 PV 成功後，執行 lspv 才會有 pv-id
cfgmgr
chdev -l hdisk3 -a pv=yes
lspvVG
# Create VG with 128M(PP size)
mkvg -y <vg-name> -s 128 hdisk1 hidisk2
# Add PVs hdisk3, hdisk4 to specific VG
extendvg <vg-name> hdisk3 hdisk4LV
# Create LV with 5G
mklv -y <lv-name> -t jfs2 <vg-name> 5GFilesystem
# Create a filesystem with /data
## -A: Whether the filesystem is mounted at each system restart.
crfs -v jfs2 -d <lv-name> -A yes -m /data
mount /data
# Extend the size of 1024MB for specified filesystem
chfs -a size=+1024M /home
## Alternatively, resizing to specified number
chfs -a size=2048M /home資安相關指令
# Login Failed
who /etc/security/failedlogin | tail -50
# Check the number of previous unsucessful logins for the account to confirm it is blocked
lsuser -a account_locked unsuccessful_login_count {ALL|user_name}
# Reset unsucessful login counter
chsec -f /etc/security/lastlog -a unsuccessful_login_count=0 -s {user_name}
# Unlock the locked account
chuser account_locked=false {user_name}
# Lock account
chuser account_locked=true {user_name}登入失敗後自動鎖定
- 可指定帳號或全域設定
- 注意：retry 的次數是累計制，登入成功一次，計數不會歸零
- 解鎖方式是歸零登入失敗的計數
chuser loginretries=5 <username>
lsuser -a loginretries <username>監控 errpt
Sample #1
#!/usr/bin/env bash
#
# $0 = errptcheck_v3.sh
#
# Created: 05/16/2005 A-lang Hsu.
# Updated:
# - v4, 11/19/2015 A-Lang
# - v5, 11/17/2020 A-Lang
#
#
# This script will check the error log
# for new entries. Upon finding them, it will send an email to
# administrators containing a message indicating the change
# in errlog status, as well as the offending lines.
#
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/es/sbin/cluster/utilities
tmpfile="errptcheck.$$"
trap "rm -f $tmpfile" EXIT
today="$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')"
nowtime="$(date +'%T')"
# Excluded identifier id
# 573790AA - The default log file has been changed.
# A3B02BE6 - sddsrv CAN'T WRITE ITS LOG FILE
#
#EXCLUDE_ID=" \
#573790AA \
#A3B02BE6 \
#"
EXCLUDE_ID=""
#
if $(which get_local_nodename >/dev/null 2>&1); then
my_hostname=`hostname`#`get_local_nodename`
else
my_hostname=`hostname`
fi
mail_subject="Warning:Hardware/Software error notification for host $my_hostname"
mail_to="alang@mycom.com"
#ec=`errpt -dH,S,U,O | grep -v "IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP" | wc -l`
ERRGREP=""
n=0
for i in $EXCLUDE_ID;do
n=$(($n+1))
if [ "$n" -eq 1 ];then
ERRGREP="$i"
else
ERRGREP="$ERRGREP|$i"
fi
done
if [ -z "$ERRGREP" ]; then
ec=`errpt -dH,S,U,O | grep -v "IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP" | wc -l`
else
ec=`errpt -dH,S,U,O | grep -v "IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP" | grep -vE "$ERRGREP" | wc -l`
fi
if [ "$ec" -ne "0" ] ; then
ec=`echo $ec | bc`
cat <<EOF > $tmpfile
##############################################################
This message was generated automatically by host ${my_hostname}.
Please don't reply to this message.
##############################################################
The checked time is ${today} ${nowtime}
${ec} new errors have been found on $my_hostname.
EOF
errlogl=`errpt -dH,S,U,O -a`
cat <<EOF >> $tmpfile
Errlog details below:
${errlogl}
EOF
mail -s "$mail_subject" "$mail_to" < $tmpfile;
cat $tmpfile
fiSample #2
#! /bin/ksh
#
# $0 = errmon.sh
#
# Written 11/3/1998 Bill Verzal.
#
# This script will run every [interval] and check the error log
# for new entries. Upon finding them, it will send an email to
# administrators containing a message indicating the change
# in errlog status, as well as the offending lines.
#
if [ "$1" = "-v" ] ; then
set -x
fi
lc="NULL"
tc="$lc"
# lc="last count"
# tc="this count"
#interval=900
interval=300
# Divide interval by 60 to get number of minutes.
me="$0 - Hardware error monitoring"
myname=`hostname`
args="$*"
#mailto="root"
mailto="alert"
true=0
false=1
boj=`date`
echo "$me started.\nThis message goes to $mailto." | mail -s "Errlog monitoring for $myname" $mailto
logger "$0 started"
while [ "$true" != "$false" ] ; do
tc=`errpt -dH,S,U,O | wc -l`
if [ "$lc" = "NULL" ] ; then
lc="$tc"
fi
if [ "$lc" -ne "$tc" ] ; then
foo=`echo "$tc-$lc"|bc`
msg="$foo new errors have been found on $myname"
page_msg="$foo new errors have been found on $myname"
errlogl=`errpt -dH,S,U,O -a`
if [ "$tc" -eq "0" ] ; then
msg="$msg\n Errlog was cleared"
else
logger $msg
msg=" $msg \n Errlog details below:\n $errlogl \n"
echo "$msg" | mail -s "Errlog status change on host $myname" $mailto
fi
fi
lc="$tc"
sleep $interval
done解封 HMC root
Restricted Shell
針對指定帳號限制登入後的預設 Shell 環境的執行權限
教學：
Defaul Shell：
# Change the default shell for the user to the restricted shell such as rksh or Rsh.
chuser shell=/usr/bin/rksh <user-name>
# OR
chsh <user-name> /usr/bin/rksh.profile：
# Add the commands that are allowd to run by the user into the directory.
mkdir /usr/bin/restricted
cd /usr/bin/restricted
ln -s /usr/bin/date date
# Create a .profile in the user's home directory and set the PATH environment variable to
# a directory containing all of the commands you want the user to be able to run
export PATH=/usr/bin/restrictedCore dump
# 解析 core file
dbx -C ./core
(dbx) corefile
(dbx) dump
(dbx) quitSystem dump
errpt:
67145A39 0413095315 U S SYSDUMP SYSTEM DUMPCopy the dump from the dump device to a file using the savecore command:
savecore .Yes, the period is necessary. It indicates you want the dump copied to your current directory
savecore will copy the dump to your current directory, and name it:
vmcore.0.BZUncompress the dump using the dmpuncompress command:
dmpuncompress vmcore.0.BZLastly, format the dump:
/usr/lib/ras/dmprtns/dmpfmt -c vmcore.0Reading a Dump
kdb vmcore.0 vmunix.0系統效能
Memory - svmon
# For a summary of the top 15 processes using memory on the system
svmon -Pt15 | perl -e 'while(<>){print if($.==2||$&&&!$s++);$.=0 if(/^-+$/)}'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pid Command Inuse Pin Pgsp Virtual 64-bit Mthrd 16MB
18547096 db2sysc 3956861 12944 282407 4007901 Y Y N
19333470 db2sysc 690873 12944 26772 688572 Y Y N
19726694 db2sysc 271696 12944 6198 287133 Y Y N
13500914 db2sysc 263458 12943 18957 285159 Y Y N
1966448 shlap64 109377 12900 3432 122071 Y N N
13631924 db2vend 105589 12900 597 115784 Y N N
19005734 db2sysc 105082 12902 409 114965 Y Y N
20709798 db2sysc 105071 12900 409 114953 Y N N
20119938 db2sysc 105071 12900 409 114953 Y N N
20185458 db2sysc 105071 12900 408 114953 Y N N
15597848 db2vend 104222 12900 1771 115608 Y N N
21430722 db2sysc 103728 12900 1576 114777 Y N N
21037528 db2sysc 103724 12902 1576 114773 Y Y N
14025064 db2sysc 103696 12900 1608 114777 Y N N
18350424 db2sysc 103696 12900 1608 114777 Y N NPerl 應用
快速檢查特定模組安裝
perl -e "use LWP::UserAgent;"
perl -e "use DBI;"HTTP GET request
use LWP::UserAgent;
my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
my $server_endpoint = "http://192.168.1.1:8000/service";
# set custom HTTP request header fields
my $req = HTTP::Request->new(GET => $server_endpoint);
$req->header('content-type' => 'application/json');
$req->header('x-auth-token' => 'kfksj48sdfj4jd9d');
my $resp = $ua->request($req);
if ($resp->is_success) {
my $message = $resp->decoded_content;
print "Received reply: $messagen";
}
else {
print "HTTP GET error code: ", $resp->code, "n";
print "HTTP GET error message: ", $resp->message, "n";
}HTTP POST request
use LWP::UserAgent;
my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
my $server_endpoint = "http://192.168.1.1:8000/service";
# set custom HTTP request header fields
my $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => $server_endpoint);
$req->header('content-type' => 'application/json');
$req->header('x-auth-token' => 'kfksj48sdfj4jd9d');
# add POST data to HTTP request body
my $post_data = '{ "name": "Dan", "address": "NY" }';
$req->content($post_data);
my $resp = $ua->request($req);
if ($resp->is_success) {
my $message = $resp->decoded_content;
print "Received reply: $messagen";
}
else {
print "HTTP POST error code: ", $resp->code, "n";
print "HTTP POST error message: ", $resp->message, "n";
}