Examples
登入紀錄報告
- Custom Class
- Dictionary/Set/List Data
- Set Methods
def get_event_date(event):
return event.date
def current_users(events):
events.sort(key=get_event_date)
machines = {}
for event in events:
if event.machine not in machines:
machines[event.machine] = set()
if event.type == "login":
machines[event.machine].add(event.user)
elif event.type == "logout":
machines[event.machine].remove(event.user)
return machines
def generate_report(machines):
for machine, users in machines.items():
if len(users) > 0:
user_list = ", ".join(users)
print("{}: {}".format(machine, user_list))
class Event:
def __init__(self, event_date, event_type, machine_name, user):
self.date = event_date
self.type = event_type
self.machine = machine_name
self.user = user
events = [
Event('2020-01-21 12:45:46', 'login', 'myworkstation.local', 'jordan'),
Event('2020-01-22 15:53:42', 'logout', 'webserver.local', 'jordan'),
Event('2020-01-21 18:53:21', 'login', 'webserver.local', 'lane'),
Event('2020-01-22 10:25:34', 'logout', 'myworkstation.local', 'jordan'),
Event('2020-01-21 08:20:01', 'login', 'webserver.local', 'jordan'),
Event('2020-01-23 11:24:35', 'login', 'mailserver.local', 'chris'),
]
users = current_users(events)
print(users)
# Output: {'webserver.local': {'lane'}, 'myworkstation.local': set(), 'mailserver.local': {'chris'}}
generate_report(users)
# Output:
# webserver.local: lane
# mailserver.local: chris分析 Syslog
- dictionary.get()
- re.search()
- with open() as f
import re
import sys
logfile = sys.argv[1]
usernames = {}
with open(logfile) as f:
for line in f:
if "CRON" not in line:
continue
pattern = r"USER \((\w+)\)$"
result = re.search(pattern, line)
if result is None:
continue
name = result[1]
usernames[name] = usernames.get(name, 0) + 1
print(usernames)進階版
fishy.log:
July 31 02:25:52 mycomputername system[41921]: WARN Failed to start CPU thread[39016]
July 31 02:34:37 mycomputername kernel[32280]: INFO Loading...
July 31 02:36:44 mycomputername NetworkManager[90289]: WARN Failed to start CPU thread[39016]
July 31 02:39:01 mycomputername CRON[89330]: ERROR Unable to perform package upgrade
July 31 02:45:39 mycomputername utility[57387]: INFO Access permitted
July 31 02:58:44 mycomputername process[44707]: WARN Computer needs to be turned off and on again
July 31 02:59:35 mycomputername system[55024]: WARN Packet loss
July 31 03:09:30 mycomputername kernel[40705]: ERROR The cake is a lie!
July 31 03:23:16 mycomputername cacheclient[57185]: INFO Checking process [16121]
July 31 03:26:56 mycomputername cacheclient[90154]: INFO Healthy resource usage
July 31 03:28:52 mycomputername CRON[55441]: INFO Loading...
July 31 03:29:34 mycomputername dhcpclient[69232]: ERROR Unable to download more RAM
July 31 03:34:41 mycomputername NetworkManager[14120]: ERROR 404 error not found
July 31 03:36:26 mycomputername dhcpclient[79731]: ERROR The cake is a lie!
July 31 03:38:24 mycomputername CRON[92141]: INFO Access permitted
July 31 03:40:00 mycomputername dhcpclient[40114]: INFO Starting sync
July 31 03:42:45 mycomputername utility[53726]: INFO I'm sorry Dave. I'm afraid I can't do that
July 31 03:47:07 mycomputername NetworkManager[63805]: WARN Please reboot user
July 31 04:09:16 mycomputername CRON[52593]: WARN PC Load Letter
July 31 04:11:32 mycomputername CRON[51253]: ERROR: Failed to start CRON job due to script syntax error. Inform the CRON job owner!
July 31 04:11:32 mycomputername jam_tag=psim[84082]: ERROR ID: 10t
July 31 04:12:05 mycomputername utility[63418]: INFO Successfully connected
July 31 04:14:22 mycomputername utility[53225]: ERROR I am error
July 31 04:31:00 mycomputername NetworkManager[23060]: ERROR Out of yellow ink, specifically, even though you want grayscalefind_error.py
Usage: ./find_error.py fishy.log
import sys
import os
import re
def error_search(log_file):
error = input("What is the error? ")
returned_errors = []
with open(log_file, mode='r', encoding='UTF-8') as file:
for log in file.readlines():
error_patterns = ["error"]
for i in range(len(error.split(' '))):
error_patterns.append(r"{}".format(error.split(' ')[i].lower()))
if all(re.search(error_pattern, log.lower()) for error_pattern in error_patterns):
returned_errors.append(log)
file.close()
return returned_errors
def file_output(returned_errors):
with open(os.path.expanduser('~') + '/data/errors_found.log', 'w') as file:
for error in returned_errors:
file.write(error)
file.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
log_file = sys.argv[1]
returned_errors = error_search(log_file)
file_output(returned_errors)
sys.exit(0)分析 Syslog 2
syslog.log :
Jan 31 00:09:39 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#4217] (mdouglas)
Jan 31 00:16:25 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#1754] (noel)
Jan 31 00:21:30 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR The ticket was modified while updating (breee)
Jan 31 00:44:34 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (ac)
Jan 31 01:00:50 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#4709] (blossom)
Jan 31 01:29:16 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#6518] (rr.robinson)
Jan 31 01:33:12 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (mcintosh)
Jan 31 01:43:10 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (jackowens)
Jan 31 01:49:29 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (mdouglas)
Jan 31 02:30:04 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (oren)
Jan 31 02:55:31 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Ticket doesn't exist (xlg)
Jan 31 03:05:35 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (ahmed.miller)
Jan 31 03:08:55 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Ticket doesn't exist (blossom)
Jan 31 03:39:27 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR The ticket was modified while updating (bpacheco)
Jan 31 03:47:24 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Ticket doesn't exist (enim.non)
Jan 31 04:30:04 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (rr.robinson)
Jan 31 04:31:49 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (oren)
Jan 31 04:32:49 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (mcintosh)
Jan 31 04:44:23 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (ahmed.miller)
Jan 31 04:44:46 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (jackowens)
Jan 31 04:49:28 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (flavia)
Jan 31 05:12:39 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (oren)
Jan 31 05:18:45 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (sri)
Jan 31 05:23:14 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#1097] (breee)
Jan 31 05:35:00 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (nonummy)
Jan 31 05:45:30 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#7115] (noel)
Jan 31 05:51:30 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR The ticket was modified while updating (flavia)
Jan 31 05:57:46 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#2253] (nonummy)
Jan 31 06:12:02 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (oren)
Jan 31 06:26:38 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (xlg)
Jan 31 06:32:26 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#7298] (ahmed.miller)
Jan 31 06:36:25 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (flavia)
Jan 31 06:57:00 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (jackowens)
Jan 31 06:59:57 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#7255] (oren)
Jan 31 07:59:56 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Ticket doesn't exist (flavia)
Jan 31 08:01:40 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (jackowens)
Jan 31 08:03:19 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#1712] (britanni)
Jan 31 08:22:37 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#2860] (mcintosh)
Jan 31 08:28:07 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (montanap)
Jan 31 08:49:15 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (britanni)
Jan 31 08:50:50 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (montanap)
Jan 31 09:04:27 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (noel)
Jan 31 09:15:41 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (oren)
Jan 31 09:18:47 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#8385] (mdouglas)
Jan 31 09:28:18 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#2452] (jackowens)
Jan 31 09:41:16 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (ac)
Jan 31 10:11:35 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (blossom)
Jan 31 10:21:36 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (montanap)
Jan 31 11:04:02 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (breee)
Jan 31 11:19:37 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (sri)
Jan 31 11:22:06 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (montanap)
Jan 31 11:31:34 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (ahmed.miller)
Jan 31 11:40:25 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (mai.hendrix)
Jan 31 11:47:07 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#4562] (ac)
Jan 31 11:58:33 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (ahmed.miller)
Jan 31 12:00:17 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#7897] (kirknixon)
Jan 31 12:02:49 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (mai.hendrix)
Jan 31 12:20:23 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (kirknixon)
Jan 31 12:20:40 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Ticket doesn't exist (flavia)
Jan 31 12:24:32 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#5784] (sri)
Jan 31 12:50:10 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (blossom)
Jan 31 12:58:16 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (nonummy)
Jan 31 13:08:10 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#8685] (rr.robinson)
Jan 31 13:48:45 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR The ticket was modified while updating (breee)
Jan 31 14:13:00 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#4225] (noel)
Jan 31 14:38:50 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR The ticket was modified while updating (enim.non)
Jan 31 14:41:18 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (xlg)
Jan 31 14:45:55 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#7948] (noel)
Jan 31 14:50:41 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#8628] (noel)
Jan 31 14:56:35 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Tried to add information to closed ticket (noel)
Jan 31 15:27:53 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Ticket doesn't exist (blossom)
Jan 31 15:28:15 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Permission denied while closing ticket (enim.non)
Jan 31 15:44:25 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#7333] (enim.non)
Jan 31 16:17:20 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#1653] (noel)
Jan 31 16:19:40 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR The ticket was modified while updating (mdouglas)
Jan 31 16:24:31 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#5455] (ac)
Jan 31 16:35:46 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (oren)
Jan 31 16:53:54 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#3813] (mcintosh)
Jan 31 16:54:18 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (bpacheco)
Jan 31 17:15:47 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR The ticket was modified while updating (mcintosh)
Jan 31 17:29:11 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (oren)
Jan 31 17:51:52 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#8604] (mcintosh)
Jan 31 18:09:17 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR The ticket was modified while updating (noel)
Jan 31 18:43:01 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Ticket doesn't exist (nonummy)
Jan 31 19:00:23 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (blossom)
Jan 31 19:20:22 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (mai.hendrix)
Jan 31 19:59:06 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#6361] (enim.non)
Jan 31 20:02:41 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Timeout while retrieving information (xlg)
Jan 31 20:21:55 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#7159] (ahmed.miller)
Jan 31 20:28:26 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (breee)
Jan 31 20:35:17 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#7737] (nonummy)
Jan 31 20:48:02 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (mdouglas)
Jan 31 20:56:58 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#4372] (oren)
Jan 31 21:00:23 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Commented on ticket [#2389] (sri)
Jan 31 21:02:06 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR Connection to DB failed (breee)
Jan 31 21:20:33 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#3297] (kirknixon)
Jan 31 21:29:24 ubuntu.local ticky: ERROR The ticket was modified while updating (blossom)
Jan 31 22:58:55 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#2461] (jackowens)
Jan 31 23:25:18 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Closed ticket [#9876] (blossom)
Jan 31 23:35:40 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO Created ticket [#5896] (mcintosh)ticky_check.py
Usage: ./ticky_check.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
import re
import operator
import csv
# Dict: Count number of entries for each user
per_user = {} # Splitting between INFO and ERROR
# Dict: Number of different error messages
errors = {}
# * Read file and create dictionaries
with open('syslog.log') as file:
# read each line
for line in file.readlines():
# regex search
# * Sample Line of log file
# "May 27 11:45:40 ubuntu.local ticky: INFO: Created ticket [#1234] (username)"
match = re.search(
r"ticky: ([\w+]*):? ([\w' ]*)[\[[#0-9]*\]?]? ?\((.*)\)$", line)
code, error_msg, user = match.group(1), match.group(2), match.group(3)
# Populates error dict with ERROR messages from log file
if error_msg not in errors.keys():
errors[error_msg] = 1
else:
errors[error_msg] += 1
# Populates per_user dict with users and default values
if user not in per_user.keys():
per_user[user] = {}
per_user[user]['INFO'] = 0
per_user[user]['ERROR'] = 0
# Populates per_user dict with users logs entry
if code == 'INFO':
if user not in per_user.keys():
per_user[user] = {}
per_user[user]['INFO'] = 0
else:
per_user[user]["INFO"] += 1
elif code == 'ERROR':
if user not in per_user.keys():
per_user[user] = {}
per_user[user]['INFO'] = 0
else:
per_user[user]['ERROR'] += 1
# Sorted by VALUE (Most common to least common)
errors_list = sorted(errors.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
# Sorted by USERNAME
per_user_list = sorted(per_user.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(0))
file.close()
# Insert at the beginning of the list
errors_list.insert(0, ('Error', 'Count'))
# * Create CSV file user_statistics
with open('user_statistics.csv', 'w', newline='') as user_csv:
for key, value in per_user_list:
user_csv.write(str(key) + ',' +
str(value['INFO']) + ',' + str(value['ERROR'])+'\n')
# * Create CSV error_message
with open('error_message.csv', 'w', newline='') as error_csv:
for key, value in errors_list:
error_csv.write(str(key) + ' ' + str(value))csv_to_html.py
Usage: ./csv_to_html.py user_statistics.csv /var/www/html/<html-filename>.html
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
import csv
import os
def process_csv(csv_file):
"""Turn the contents of the CSV file into a list of lists"""
print("Processing {}".format(csv_file))
with open(csv_file,"r") as datafile:
data = list(csv.reader(datafile))
return data
def data_to_html(title, data):
"""Turns a list of lists into an HTML table"""
# HTML Headers
html_content = """
<html>
<head>
<style>
table {
width: 25%;
font-family: arial, sans-serif;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
tr:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: #dddddd;
}
td, th {
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
text-align: left;
padding: 8px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
"""
# Add the header part with the given title
html_content += "<h2>{}</h2><table>".format(title)
# Add each row in data as a row in the table
# The first line is special and gets treated separately
for i, row in enumerate(data):
html_content += "<tr>"
for column in row:
if i == 0:
html_content += "<th>{}</th>".format(column)
else:
html_content += "<td>{}</td>".format(column)
html_content += "</tr>"
html_content += """</tr></table></body></html>"""
return html_content
def write_html_file(html_string, html_file):
# Making a note of whether the html file we're writing exists or not
if os.path.exists(html_file):
print("{} already exists. Overwriting...".format(html_file))
with open(html_file,'w') as htmlfile:
htmlfile.write(html_string)
print("Table succesfully written to {}".format(html_file))
def main():
"""Verifies the arguments and then calls the processing function"""
# Check that command-line arguments are included
if len(sys.argv) < 3:
print("ERROR: Missing command-line argument!")
print("Exiting program...")
sys.exit(1)
# Open the files
csv_file = sys.argv[1]
html_file = sys.argv[2]
# Check that file extensions are included
if ".csv" not in csv_file:
print('Missing ".csv" file extension from first command-line argument!')
print("Exiting program...")
sys.exit(1)
if ".html" not in html_file:
print('Missing ".html" file extension from second command-line argument!')
print("Exiting program...")
sys.exit(1)
# Check that the csv file exists
if not os.path.exists(csv_file):
print("{} does not exist".format(csv_file))
print("Exiting program...")
sys.exit(1)
# Process the data and turn it into an HTML
data = process_csv(csv_file)
title = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(csv_file))[0].replace("_", " ").title()
html_string = data_to_html(title, data)
write_html_file(html_string, html_file)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()